Spectral study and classification of worldwide locations considering several multijunction solar cell technologies

Multi‐junction solar cells are widely used in high‐concentration photovoltaic systems (HCPV) attaining the highest efficiencies in photovoltaic energy generation. This technology is more dependent on the spectral variations of the impinging Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) than conventional photovoltaics based on silicon solar cells and consequently demands a deeper knowledge of the solar resource characteristics. This article explores the capabilities of spectral indexes, namely, spectral matching ratios (SMR), to spectrally characterize the annual irradiation reaching a particular location on the Earth and to provide the necessary information for the spectral optimization of a MJ solar cell in that location as a starting point for CPV module spectral tuning. Additionally, the relationship between such indexes and the atmosphere parameters, such as the aerosol optical depth (AOD), precipitable water (PW), and air mass (AM), is discussed using radiative transfer models such as SMARTS to generate the spectrally resolved DNI. The network of ground‐based sun and sky‐scanning radiometers AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) is exploited to obtain the atmosphere parameters for a selected bunch of 34 sites worldwide. Finally, the SMR indexes are obtained for every location, and a comparative analysis is carried out for four architectures of triple junction solar cells, covering both lattice match and metamorphic technologies. The differences found among cell technologies are much less significant than among locations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新疆卡拉塔格地区航空高光谱矿物填图及找矿预测

利用HyMap机载成像光谱仪,获取了新疆卡拉塔格地区的高光谱遥感数据,对数据进行了辐射校正和辐射定标、大气校正(光谱重建)与几何校正等预处理,同时利用ASD光谱仪,开展了成矿有利地质单元和典型矿床地面岩矿光谱测量,进行了典型蚀变矿物光谱特征的提取和光谱分析。在数据处理与光谱分析的基础上,采用混合调制匹配滤波法对矿物进行了识别和填图工作,并编制了蚀变矿物分布图。通过野外调查验证和地质综合分析,圈定了8处找矿有利地段,取得了良好的应用效果。     

发挥建筑评论提升建筑设计创新整体水平的作用

多年来我国的建筑评论一直处于边缘地位。基本上是自发地、散兵游勇、视觉审美为主的评论,对于提升建筑设计创新整体水平的作用十分有限。为改变这种状况,文章从设计型思考切入,评析网络评论的不足及建筑创新的特点,主张从原创性思维做起,以达到提升建筑设计创新整体水平的目标。     

基于颜色分离与形态特征分析的保护压板定位及状态识别研究

为了提高变电站中密集排布,颜色多样的拔插式压板智能识别水平,提出一种色差法与形态特征分析的保护压板定位及状态识别方法。该方法首先对采集的压板图像进行同态滤波增强与透视校正;其次,根据压板图像颜色特征,利用RGB三分量色差法结合形态特征分析实现有效压板区域的分割;然后,通过的矩形结构元素对有效压板区域进行膨胀,从而定位出每块压板区域的位置。最后,结合每块压板图像外接矩形框的形态特征与其重心位置的4联通区域灰度值总和判断出压板的投退状态。对不同拍摄角度及不同光照环境下的保护压板状态识别测试结果表明,该算法具有识别精度高、鲁棒性好的特点。     

A Novel Character Segmentation Method for Text Images Captured by Cameras

Due to the rapid development of mobile devices equipped with cameras, instant translation of any text seen in any context is possible. Mobile devices can serve as a translation tool by recognizing the texts presented in the captured scenes. Images captured by cameras will embed more external or unwanted effects which need not to be considered in traditional optical character recognition (OCR). In this paper, we segment a text image captured by mobile devices into individual single characters to facilitate OCR kernel processing. Before proceeding with character segmentation, text detection and text line construction need to be performed in advance. A novel character segmentation method which integrates touched character filters is employed on text images captured by cameras. In addition, periphery features are extracted from the segmented images of touched characters and fed as inputs to support vector machines to calculate the confident values. In our experiment, the accuracy rate of the proposed character segmentation system is 94.90%, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

明初期(洪武 建文)官窑青花山水元素的艺术特征

以明初(洪武、建文)时期景德镇青花山水元素的产生原因,笔墨特征为研究线索,结合图片资料,分析了这一时期青花山水元素的艺术特证,对明代青花山水纹饰艺术特征演变规律的全面研究进行了有益的补充,也为现代陶瓷山水画的发展与创新提供了有益的启示。     

GaAs/Al_xGa_(1-x)As量子阱红外探测器光谱特性的研究

采用MBE法制备了不同结构参数及不同阱中掺杂浓度的GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs量子阱红外探测器外延材料。通过对量子阱红外探测器材料特性和器件特性的实验测试及理论分析,研究了量子阱红外探测器的响应光谱特性,并通过薛定谔方程和泊松方程的求解,对掺杂对量子阱能级的影响做了研究。结果表明,由于应力导致的能带非抛物线性使得阱中能级发生了变化,从而引起吸收峰向高能方向发生了漂移,而阱中进行适度的掺杂没有对量子阱能级造成影响,光致发光谱实验结果与之吻合较好。在光电流谱的实验分析基础之上,分析了量子阱阱宽、Al组分与峰值探测波长λ的关系,为量子阱红外探测器的设计优化提供了参考。     

截集型特征加权模糊C-均值聚类算法

已有的特征加权型模糊C-均值（WFCM）聚类算法可以有效地提取数据的相关特征,WFCM存在的主要问题是收敛速度慢和对噪声敏感。借助模糊集的截集方式对WFCM的隶属度值进行修改,提出截集型特征加权模糊C-均值聚类算法：SWFCM。SWFCM不仅具有良好的特征提取能力,而且具有收敛速度快和对噪声稳健的优点。实验结果表明,SWFCM的总体性能优于原有的WFCM聚类算法和截集模糊C一均值聚类算法。     

图像放大算法比较研究

图像放大算法的选择直接影响了图像放大的质量,为了更好地选择图像放大算法,从不同图像放大算法的原理出发,分别分析了最邻近点插值、双线性插值、双三次插值、三次B样条插值以及分形插值、小波插值、偏微分方程插值、领域交换内插算法的特点,并比较了它们的优、缺点;指出如何根据不同图像特征来选择不同算法以达到最优化效果;得出结合各种放大算法从而得到最好的放大效果是图像放大方法的发展方向。     

基于径向基神经网络的旋转机械故障诊断

针对旋转机械故障征兆与故障模式映射的复杂性,以及BP网络容易陷入局部极小、收敛速度慢等缺点,提出基于径向基（RBF）神经网络的风机故障诊断方法。以风机振动信号的7段频谱能量峰值作为故障特征,采用训练好的RBF网络进行故障辨识。结果表明,RBF网络能满足风机故障诊断的准确性,并在避免局部极小和节约训练时间方面有较好的实用性。